Symbolic Healing in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay -- Toni Morrison Bel

Symbolic Healing in Beloved Toni Morrisons powerful apologue Beloved is based on the aftermath of slavery and the horrific burden of slaverys hidden sins. Morrison chooses to depict the characters that were brutalized in the life of slavery as strong-willed and capable of overcoming such trauma. This is made possible through the healing of many significant characters, especially Sethe. Sethe is relieved of her painful agony of escaping Sweet place as well as dealing with pregnancy with the help of young Amy Denver and Baby Suggs. capital of Minnesota Ds contributions to the symbolic healing publication place in the attempt to help her erase the past. Denver plays the most significant role in Sethes healing in that she brings the communitys support to her mother and claims her own individuality in the process. Putting her trust in other people is the only way Sethe is able to relieve herself of her follow past and suffering body. Morrison demonstrates that to overcome the scars o f slavery, one must place themselves in the hands of those that love them, rather than face the painful memories alone. It is not surprising to come over that Sethe named her second born daughter after the young girl that saved both of their lives. Amy Denver, a white servant girl fleeing toward Boston, gave encouragement and first financial aid relief to Sethes swollen feet and helped her crawl to safety. As Sethe lay dying on the uncomfortable ground, Amy approached her. She Amy gathered rocks, covered them with more leaves and made Sethe put her feet on themthen she did the magic lifted Sethes feet and legs and massaged them until she cried salt tears (Morrison, 35). Amy is free of the thriving need to abuse slaves, and this ignorance proves beneficial. U... ...port Sethe, and in return, Sethe chooses to accept their healing attempts and walks away from Beloved. slaveholding is and will always be within Sethe. She was born a slave and raised a slave. Crossing a river to free dom doesnt change the torturesome bonds of slavery. The emotional barriers slavery places on people leave different effects but one thing remains common the feeling of no self-worth. not all people are as lucky as Sethe to have people in their lives that help to overcome such obstacles. With the help of Amy, Denver, Baby Suggs, Paul D, and others along her journey, Sethe is able to overcome the impossible and move on from her past with a life of love and acceptance. Works CitedFurman, Jan. Toni Morrisons Fiction. Columbia University of South Carolina Press, 1996. Morrison, Toni. Beloved. New York, Penguin Books regular army Inc, 1998.

Lifes Lessons in The Once and Future King :: Once and Future King Essays

Lifes Lessons in The at one time and Future queen regnant   The take up thing for being sad, replied Merlyn, beginning to absorb and blow, is to learn something. Thats the scarcely thing that neer fails. You may grow old and trembling in your anatomies, you may lie awake at night hearing to the disorder of your veins, you may miss your only love, you may see the world about you devastated by evil lunatics, or know your honor trampled in the sewers of baser minds. in that respect is only one thing for it indeed -- to learn. Learn why the world wags and what wags it. That is the only thing, which the mind can never exhaust, never alienate, never be excruciate by, never fear or distrust, and never dream of regretting. Learning is the only thing for you. Look what a lot of things there are to learn.   Throughout The formerly and Future King, Wart learns many lessons in some unlikely places. Young Wart is the adopted son of a nobleman when he meets Merlyn, a magician, who takes him on many adventures, turning him into several contrary animals and teaching him skills, both mental and physical. Wart learns to treat flock with respect and kindness. Soon after, Wart pulls a charming sword from a stone, which proves him the rightful queer of England. Merlyn, who knew this from the start, advises Wart-now called Arthur- on how to be a good king. What Arthur really wants to do is end the chaos that passes for law in his country. He wants his men-the knights of the round table- to help defenseless people and prevent the rich and strong from simply dominating everyone. Many young knights love the chivalrous idea and prise Arthur.   Arthurs wife Guenever has an affair with one of Arthurs best knights, Lancelot. Since he is a just king, Arthur feels obligated to persecute them for adultery and treason. This went along with Mordreds plan to upset the court and, since he was the only son of Arthur (not with Guenever however), to become King of England. Lancelot kills Gareth, Gaheris, and Agravaine, all knights of the Roundtable. Mordred convinces a surviving knight, Gawaine that Lancelot killed them out of his own hatred of England.Lifes Lessons in The Once and Future King Once and Future King Essays Lifes Lessons in The Once and Future King   The best thing for being sad, replied Merlyn, beginning to puff and blow, is to learn something. Thats the only thing that never fails. You may grow old and trembling in your anatomies, you may lie awake at night listening to the disorder of your veins, you may miss your only love, you may see the world about you devastated by evil lunatics, or know your honor trampled in the sewers of baser minds. There is only one thing for it then -- to learn. Learn why the world wags and what wags it. That is the only thing, which the mind can never exhaust, never alienate, never be tortured by, never fear or distrust, and never dream of regretting. Learning is the only thing for you. Look what a lot of things there are to learn.   Throughout The Once and Future King, Wart learns many lessons in some unlikely places. Young Wart is the adopted son of a nobleman when he meets Merlyn, a magician, who takes him on many adventures, turning him into several different animals and teaching him skills, both mental and physical. Wart learns to treat people with respect and kindness. Soon after, Wart pulls a magical sword from a stone, which proves him the rightful king of England. Merlyn, who knew this from the start, advises Wart-now called Arthur- on how to be a good king. What Arthur really wants to do is end the chaos that passes for law in his country. He wants his men-the knights of the round table- to help defenseless people and prevent the rich and strong from simply dominating everyone. Many young knights love the chivalrous idea and admire Arthur.   Arthurs wife Guenever has an affair with one of Arthurs best knight s, Lancelot. Since he is a just king, Arthur feels obligated to persecute them for adultery and treason. This went along with Mordreds plan to upset the court and, since he was the only son of Arthur (not with Guenever however), to become King of England. Lancelot kills Gareth, Gaheris, and Agravaine, all knights of the Roundtable. Mordred convinces a surviving knight, Gawaine that Lancelot killed them out of his own hatred of England.

The Character of Clarissa Dalloway Created by Virginia Woolf Essays

Virginia Woolf creates interesting contrast within the character of Clarissa Dalloway using stream of consciousness narration in her fable Mrs. Dalloway. Clarissas inner thoughts reveal a contrast between her lack of attraction to her husband due to her lesbian feelings and her fear of loosing him as a accessible stepping stone. These contrasts and many others can be seen throughout the novel using the literary device of stream of consciousnessnarration.Clarissas character reveals to us early in the book her lack of attraction to her husband. This revelation can be seen in the passage that states ...through some contraction of this cold spirit, she had failed him...she could see what she lacked...it was something central which permeated.... The cold spir...

The Extraordinary Olive Essay -- Botany

The Extraordinary chromaticThe several uses of the chromatic tree, Olea europaea L., have long been recognized and celebrated by human civilization. Olive trees have been cultivated since prehistoric times in Asia Minor, and introduced with human migration and trade throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, into Africa, and eventually into New Zealand and North America. Thomas (1995) lists the beginning of olive cultivation as aproximately 3000 B.C. Olives appear in one of the first cookbooks ever discovered. As long ago as the 17th century B.C., the olive was considered sacred. In Greek mythology, Athena is said to have placed an olive tree on the Acropolis in order to win over the denizens of Attica, a favor for which the urban center became her namesake, Athens (Anonymous 1997). The champion at the Olympic Games was crowned with its leaves. Offering an olive branch is synonymous with peaceful intentions. The oil was burned in the lamps of sacred temples, as well as being the ete rnal flame of the Olympic games. There are many references to the olive in the Bible. One of the most significant is in the tale of Noah and the Flood. The dove, sent out to search for a sign of land and life, returned with none other than an olive branch. Moses proclaimed that all men who worked to cultivate olives were beg off from military service (Grieve 1995). The olive is often referred to as a symbol of goodness, purity, and life. The miracle of Hanukkah was the olive oil which burned for eight nights when there was only enough to endure for one day (Prero 1996). It is clear that the olive was an important part of life in the Mediterranean, as is the world over today. Description Olive trees are exquisite in appearance, with elegant lanceolate silv... ... shallow. The mission olive of California derives its name from the Franciscan missionaries who originally planted them near San Diego around 1759 (Anonymous 1997). Olive production has in any case recently spread to New Zealand and Australia, but these continue to be incidental yields in comparison to the Mediterranean region. References Anonymous. 1997. Olives. Grieve, M. 1995. Botanical.com A Modern Herbal. Olive. Electric Newt. Neff, R. and D. ResSeguie. 1995. Oil of Olives, An antediluvian Wonder. Sundance Natural Foods. Prero, Y. 1996. Chanukah and Olive Oil Lessons in Devotion. YomTov, vol.II22. Thomas, J. Dec, 1995. Olive Fact Sheet. Tous, J. and L. Ferguson. 1996. Mediterranean Fruits. From J. Janick (ed.) Progress in New Crops. ASHS Press, Arlington, VA. p.416-430.U.S.D.A. 1995. An Economic Assessment of Olives. (Executive Summary).

Drugs and Alcohol in the Adolescent Years Essay -- Influence Teenagers

Drugs and alcohol in the Adolescent Years The geezerhood of adolescence argon a very important time for both young girls and boys to make decisions that exit essentially have the power to shape their lives. In life thither argon conflicts to be overcome from both the evil social world and excessively a young girls vulnerability can cause problems. Both have a huge impact on decisions she will make. Drugs and alcoholic drink are both issues that almost any young person in todays society is going to come into contact with. Then there is the issues of making decisions about how these substances will affect their life. It is interesting to cogitation and compare the drug use among different ethnic groups as well as how the market-gardening that one is brought up in has a big part in how they will respond to the same issues. This leads right into my paper topic which is girls growing up on the border. This is a completely different lifestyle as well as upbringing for the se girls that are living so close to the Mexico. Drugs and alcohol are everywhere and are most likely intertwined into each of our lives in some way. For this reason it is apparent how likely it is that adolescents are exposed to these substances very often if non daily. Recent surveys that have been done, in particular the Ontario Health Survey, 1990, shows that initiation to drugs begins as early as 12 years old in an adolescents life. Twelve years old is considered the risk period for alcohol and tobacco and this phase does not end until about age 22. A sample of 4,364 people from this same study was on people from the ages of 15 to 35. Results showed that the major risk age for initiating with either alcohol, marijuana, or tobacco is over by age 22. Once again it is sh... ... are white or Mexican and live on the border or not. Works CitedLeverton, Kate. Personal Interview. 25 March 1999. Phipher, Mary. Reviving Ophelia Saving the Selves of Adolescent Girls. natural York, NY. G.P. Putnam Sons, 1994. DeWitt, David J Offord David R. Patterns of Onset and Cessation of Drug Use Over the Early Part of the Life Course. Young Adults-Drug Use- Ontario-Drug Abuse-Ontario -Drinking Alcohol icges-Ontario. Vol.24, pg. 746, 13p. Holck Susan E., M.D., Warren Charles W. Ph.D, Smith Jack M.S., Rochat Roger M.D., Alcohol Consumption Among Mexican American and Anglo Women Results of a Survey Along the U.S.- Mexican Border. Vol. 45 Pg. 149-154, 1984. Dassori Abana M., Neff James A., Hoppe K, Sue. Ethnic and Gender Differences in the Diagnostic Profiles of Substance Abusers. Vol 15, Aug. 1993, pgs. 382-390.

Drugs and Alcohol in the Adolescent Years Essay -- Influence Teenagers

Drugs and alcohol in the Adolescent Years The days of adolescence are a very important season for both young girls and boys to make decisions that will essentially have the power to shape their lives. In life there are conflicts to be overcome from both the evil social world and also a young girls vulnerability can cause problems. Both have a immense impact on decisions she will make. Drugs and alcohol are both issues that almost any young person in todays society is going to come into contact with. Then there is the issues of making decisions about how these substances will affect their life. It is interesting to study and compare the drug use among different heathenish groups as well as how the culture that one is brought up in has a big part in how they will respond to the same issues. This leads refine into my paper topic which is girls growing up on the border. This is a completely different lifestyle as well as upbringing for these girls that are supporting so close to the Mexico. Drugs and alcohol are everywhere and are most likely intertwined into each of our lives in some way. For this reason it is apparent how likely it is that adolescents are exposed to these substances very often if not daily. Recent surveys that have been done, in particular the Ontario Health Survey, 1990, shows that initiation to drugs begins as early as 12 years old in an adolescents life. Twelve years old is considered the risk period for alcohol and tobacco and this phase does not end until about age 22. A sample of 4,364 people from this same study was on people from the ages of 15 to 35. Results showed that the major risk age for initiating with either alcohol, marijuana, or tobacco is over by age 22. Once again it is sh... ... are white or Mexican and live on the border or not. Works CitedLeverton, Kate. Personal Interview. 25 touch 1999. Phipher, Mary. Reviving Ophelia Saving the Selves of Adolescent Girls. New York, NY. G.P. Put nam Sons, 1994. DeWitt, David J Offord David R. Patterns of Onset and Cessation of Drug Use Over the Early Part of the Life Course. Young Adults-Drug Use- Ontario-Drug Abuse-Ontario -Drinking Alcohol icges-Ontario. Vol.24, pg. 746, 13p. Holck Susan E., M.D., Warren Charles W. Ph.D, Smith Jack M.S., Rochat Roger M.D., Alcohol Consumption Among Mexican American and Anglo Women Results of a Survey Along the U.S.- Mexican Border. Vol. 45 Pg. 149-154, 1984. Dassori Abana M., Neff James A., Hoppe K, Sue. Ethnic and gender Differences in the Diagnostic Profiles of Substance Abusers. Vol 15, Aug. 1993, pgs. 382-390.

History of East Saint Louis Essay

eastern Saint Louis, Illinois is a very small urban center it has a total of 89 streets as of today. Around in the 1860s the metropolis used to be called Illinois town. It was the fourth largest city in the state of Illinois. People knew one place they could get a job was in this city. The name eastmost Saint Louis came about because of the terrible reputation it had when it was known as Illinois town so they decided to rename it hoping to overcome all the challenges they were facing. Jobs started to vanish, riots broke out and blacks mournful there was the cause of all this.Most of the blacks that lived there came from down South where nutriment conditions couldnt be much worst. If they had a chance to move their children they did. They didnt want their children to experience the life of picking cotton as they had. The discolours there were upset and werent going to let the blacks take their jobs.As time grew and more(prenominal) blacks start to come, the more jobs started to leave so as the jobs started to leave the Population started to decline meaning taxes were higher and cuts had to be made. One investor had in mind if he bought some vacant lots that he could make a little money on the side, because the federal government was going to provide funds for nooky housing to be scattered throughout the city, so the empty property will be his quick get rich scheme. When the housing Authority began make Low-income housing, real-estates agents and developers made a lot of money building and selling houses in West Belleville. The whites started to flee once they started to build in their neighborhoods.As time as started to pass things started to get worst, Violence were people were hurt, Homes being broken into, people being robbed, and killed. The population in the 1960 was around 81,728, as of 2011 the population is 27,000, with an estimated 14,000 resident living in public housing that leaves the tax burden on the 13,000. Forty percent of the residents draw public aid. The blacks who are able are fleeing away from the city as well. This makes the population continue to drop.In 1972, James Williams was the town black first Mayor he defeated Charles Merritts even though Merritts had the support of the white Democrats. Thereafter Merritts was sentence to federal prison for taking kickbacks as president of School District 189 Board of Education and also for putting a bowdlerize out to kill Clyde C. Jordan, a great leader for the town who was a fellow school board member and publisher of the Crusader black hebdomadally newspaper.In the present year we can see that nothing has changed. All the corruption of this town has been going on since the beginning of time. Nothing really has change, we major power see a new promising building here and now but the wrong people still holds the key to the scene of this all. We as citizens of East St. Louis, IL hopefully one day get the courage to stand up for whats right and not worry about the c onsequence we power endure. Change is good and the city of East Saint Louis needs a tremendous change and we as the people can and shall make that happen.

Huckleberry Finn Essay

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, written by Mark Twain, takes place during the antebellum era, and revolves around a schoolboyish boy, named Huck. The antebellum era was the long time right before the Civil War, so Huck was living in a dark and murky time in American History. Huck starts sullen by living with The Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson, who is trying to civilize him or make him to be what the perfect child should look like and make him spiel how a perfect child should act. Huck does not want that.He just wants to live how he wants, just like most youth want. In the novel, Huckleberry Finn befriends a runaway slave, Jim, and his adventures begin. According to Dennis Puopard, Mark Twain exposed many of the dark problems of antebellum United States. Some say Mark Twain wrote this occasional(a) novel as a boys adventure story and that Huck is a character that children should look up to. (422) Modern readers do not see Huckleberry Finn as a childrens book because the book is racist, there a themes of lying, and characters object and criticize authority.Because, modern readers see the book as improper for children The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is on the taboo books list on many school in the United States. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn there are racial slurs, lies, and profanity. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is not a childrens book in todays society because of the prominent theme of race. The topic of race and racism is strong in todays society. If a modern American citizen uses racial slurs against another race in a hurtful way that citizen would be convicted with a criminal offense.A racial slur much(prenominal) as the word nigger is not tolerable todays society. The word nigger was used to belittle and dehumanize African American slaves, such as Jim, in antebellum United States. Through out the book, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, author Mark Twain includes racial slurs such as the word, nigger toward African Ame rican characters, such as Jim and other slaves. Good gracious anybody hurt? Nom. Killed a nigger. Well, its lucky because sometimes people do get hurt.( Twain 109). This quotation mark shows how the white society views Jim different then themselves. They view Jim as property rather than a human with a living breathing heart. This dialoged between both white characters just shows how hurtful and cruelly someone can sound just by taking. Barbra L. Jackson professor at Fordham University in New York metropolis says, It is hard to teach The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in a diverse class because of its racial views. (63).If a college professor has a hard time teaching the book, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, to her class, how can it be easy for high school students who are studding the novel, or even young boys whom pick up the book and start reading it? Also, Barbra L. Jackson says, I ever see a lack in participation, when studying the book, the students do not want to re ad out loud, (64). The students do not feel right axiom nigger out loud because they do not want to offend any of their classmates.The students know that the word, nigger is a taboo in modern society. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn should not be taught or read to children because of the racial slurs. The type of racial language that Mark Twain uses in the book is offensive and crude. The exposure of the racial slurs to young children would be harmful. The young children will think it is okay to say the new words they discover from reading The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which would get them into trouble in the future.

Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture.Feminist Archeology Essay

This refers to a feminist perspective used in interpreting the past societies. The main cogitatesing is on sexual activity in relation to class, race or elicituality. This archeology was critiquing the in truth uncritical modern, western values applications that were being used to look at the area of archeology. Feminist anthropology has third waves with the first wave occurring surrounded by1850 and 1920, the second wave was between 1920 and 1980 and the third wave which still exists to now started in 1980s.The first waveThe main concern orgasm from the first wave was the need to ensure women voices are taken into account in area of Ethnography. They wanted any little information that women contributed to Ethnography to be included in all records of data that are available or founder recognized men who participated in the same field. Margaret Conkey together with Janet Spector wrote a publisher entitled Archaeology and the study of Gender in 1992 which was critiquing the c harge the then archeologists were overlaying the modern Western Gender values and norms on past societies like on matters of division of labor based on Gender, of which all the contexts or artifacts only attributed to tasks d bingle by men and all the characters related to the discipline were attributed to only masculine values. Women on the former(a) hand were asked to take professions relating to laboratory studies rather than field work (Clea, 13).Clifford entrusts that during the second wave, the female archeologists started focusing on academic sphere separating sex and gender notions, which had been used inter transfigureably during previous periods. Gender had been used to refer to the male and the female, their cultural construction and the relationship that existed between the two. Even though gender definitions vary from one culture to an new(prenominal), the feminist anthropologists were against the broad generalizations that were being done. The female archeologist in t he second phase also rejected the concept of indwelling dichotomies like whom between a man and a cleaning woman was to remain home or go to work. Research done during this second wave was create in a materialistic perspective. Theories touching on kindly relations researched on women, production and reproduction factors associated with them. Many scholars that follow this Marxist theory focus on gender and how it relates to changes in production modes, power genial relations and class (23).According to Clea (12), the third wave that occurred in 1980s expanded their focus beyond gender, to include archeology and physical anthropology. They focus on the difference existing between women rather than between the males and females. They focus on differences that come as a result of race, class, and eve ethnicity. They also encouraged consideration in other categories like religion, age, status and occupation, what they mean and how they relate with each other, moving outside from the male and female concept.Power was a crucial factor during the third wave as it gave the females an chance to construct their identity, hence the need for a break theoretical approach that focuses on a particular fragmented subject.The points female theories were reacting to.According to Clea (41), first wave feminist anthropologists were reacting to the fact that preaching on women only focused on areas of marriage and family, with little regard on women issues and gender leading to a very deficient understanding on general human experience. The female archeologists also criticized the language that was being used in the discipline, especially the word man which was in a way very ambiguous, because at one point it referred to all homo sapiens and sometimes it was referring to the male population in general.According to Clifford (39), second wave feminists on the other hand were criticizing Durkheims notion which recognized having a static system, which can easily be broken d own in inherent dichotomies. The female anthropologists argued that the social system is very dynamic as the social relations at the end of they come down on practice. Feminist Anthropologists who emerged during the post-structuralist time criticized cultural womens liberation movement theory which was opposed by Mary Daly together with Adrienne Rich. The theory believed in the existence of a male or female essence which validated traditional roles performed by the male or female folks. The theorists focused on womens tenderness, sentimental and her subjectivity as her main self awareness. Those opposing the theory claimed that it snub the oppressive nature of the traditional values on the women population.Clea asserts that further criticisms were from the African-American archeologists together with other people from ethnics, who represented the minority population, who questioned the power of questions that were being asked by earlier feminist anthropologists. Audrey Lorde wrote to Mary Daly questioning her view that the oppression women faced were identical in women of all races. It views that the early female anthropologists like Zora Neale were excluded from matters Anthropology, not because she did not involve a PHD but because of her race. The African-female anthropologists believe that black anthropologists continue to be ignored or marginalized despite their great contribution to archeology (23).Globalization is a major force in redefining society today. Discuss the effects of migration on the nation-state. Also, what does it mean to be a trans-border citizen?Joseph defines Globalization as set of processes that embodies transformation of social relations or transactions which take a crap been expressed in transcontinental and interregional networks of activities power and interactions. It has been categorized in four kinds of changes with the first focusing on stretch of economic, social and political processes crosswise regions, continents and f rontiers. The second kind involves the intensification of interconnectedness and smooth flow of investment, trade, finances, culture and migration (2).Nicole explains that while the third is linked to speeding of globose processes and interaction procedures, as there is development of global transport systems and communication platforms which increases the number at which people share ideas, capital, information and capital. The fourth focuses on the fast rate global interactions which show the effects of distant activities can have a great significance elsewhere and how specific local development in one country can affect global development. All these four kinds of globalization shows us that boundaries that exist between local issues and global matters have become increasingly fluid, hence it is widening, growing, intensifying and increasing the impact of global interconnectedness (21).Effects of migrating on a nation-stateAccording to Joseph (28), migrating on a nation state re duces the sovereignty of a country due to the acceptance by the nation to use international law and abide by the human rights principle which legitimizes the international corporation to intervene if a country is not treating the immigrants well. In addition due to globalization effects, migration among nation states reduces a nations Autonomy by multinational corporation powers and supranational bodies which reduce a nations capacity to create and implement policies and decisions that are touching on economical, social and political issues.Held &McGrew believe that a countrys authority on border control is undermined by migration due to burgeoning cross-border frequent flows of capital, ideas, migrants and commodities. If elected officials of different nations no longer have the power to make national decisions due to supranational level, democracy reduces a lot due to lack of popular representation. This migration also undermines the important link between states and their nati ons, due to diverse and huge mobile populations with affiliations in various states, reducing space for individual races. It will also see a decline in welfare state because of huge corporations and international markets having authority to restrict intervention by affected nations, as they demand deregulation and privatization (34).Nicole believes that Western states have predominated the global stage in organizing politics, identity, culture and economic development of many nations especially developing countries. Globalization has led to the proliferation of many transnational communities leading to increased mobility across borders of populations, as they increase the possibility of maintaining very close golf links between their homeland and co-ethnics happening elsewhere (18).According to Held & McGrew, (12) trans-border citizens are also given the opportunity to erode border-control protocols as they decline the link existing between the citizen and his nation. In addition, t hey undermine the territorial sovereignty of a nation, as a result of creating cross-border links that are very durable, divided loyalties and many multiple identities.Using terry Eagletons book, Across the Pond, as a starting point, discuss the meaning and symbolical representation of individualism in American cultureDuring the past many Americans have found the British oddness very fascinating, but according to terrycloth Eagleton, the U.S citizens are the ones who are more strange and individualistic in nature. Through his journey in language, national character of the citizens and the countrys geography, Terry probes the depths of the join States culture with both an academic mind and humor. He answers questions expressed by his fellow compatriots like why the Americans wake up at dawn even during holidays and Sundays. Through this book, the writer Eagleton shows true admiration of the American individualism culture.In the book Eagleton makes broad, debatable generalizations like Americans find it great(p) to do topics by halves, The British are no enthusiasts of extremes, and Americans tend to sling things together that Europeans would keep strictly apart. Even though these observations do not apply to specific individuals, Terry generalizes them to describe how Americans operate, being given the Authority to do so because of poetry.From the beginning of the book, he recognizes the fact that most Americans will not take his sentiments lightly because of their tot devotion to personal rights and individualism. He however expresses his point on stereotypes and his sense of humor by making an observation that if truly the Americans hold on to their individualization concept, then they should take his observations as an irony rough them.While addressing the issue of obesity Terry (9),believes that is affecting over 60% populations of the Americans, he observes that many of them have no idea that the entire population does not have people like them, or they have not gotten the chance to observe that for they are excessively fat to fit in the aircraft. This only means that the American population are only concerned with what is happening to them and do not care about what other nations across the world are going through. As much as most of the observations are not insult the Americans, his chapter that focuses on differences between the face and Americans is full of mistakes that are very hilarious in the sense that anyone who has interacted with people from Britain will automatically realize.According to Terry (21), emphasis on the American inspiration also brings about the individualism that the American citizens possess. He observes that, Americans are great believers in the fraudulent doctrine that you can do anything you want if you try hard enough. He however does not understand why this dream has not helped them to eradicate poverty, early teenage pregnancies, social exclusion and incarceration. By struggle the American dream, it is clear that he is of the idea we should not be so selfish to the point we cannot realize when it is time to give up and let go rather than making a fool out of ourselves.The Americans political structure as explained by Eagleton shows how individualistic they are by nature. He refers to their politics as having only one party state that of democratic capitalist and republican capitalist, with the diversity of their opinions not even able to rival the varieties of edulcorate bars. He explains that the Americans are capitalists and that is not going away any soon. Even though people view Obama as a capitalist, he believes that the love office the Americans have with capitalism is not going anywhere. Generally countries that have a capitalism economy are individualistic as they put their concerns first onwards any other (Terry, 23).Despite being humorous and ironically, the book has underlying meanings that if studied well can help in understanding the American culture. The change in leadership between the democratic and republicans and their style of leadership does not differ much as most of their policies are always focused on protecting their nation against any enemy that wants to kill the countrys sovereignty. From the book it is clear that the country does not care about the needs of other countries as long as their own interests are protected and safeguarded. This can be seen in the way they handle the Arab nations when it comes to fighting terrorism.American government have in the recent past been accused of tapping phone conversations of big government officials in Britain, Germany, France and even the developing countries and the main reason for this is to safeguard their interests. The wiki leaks that occurred some age back are a true reflection of the lengths the country can go to protect their nation without caring about what will happen to other nations hence their individualism.Eagleton has observed that the Americans may not take his writings in a good way and true to his words many Americans have criticized his writings just because it did not favor them. If the writings supported them, then most probably they would have supported the writings. But as much as its touching on the nations pride, they definitely oppose it in strong measures.The writer is however very individualistic in a way because he being an English man, only praises the British while criticizing the Americans. Having married an American, he should have at least said one positive thing about the Americans.ReferencesTerry Eagleton, Across the Pond An Englishmans View of America, London Press, London2013. Print.Joseph, Stigltz, Making Globalization Work, Harvard University Press, New York 2008.Print.Clea, Koff, The bone woman, London Press, London 2004. Print.Clifford, Geertz, Interpretation of cultures Harvard University Press, New York 2008. Print.Nicole, Johns, Nation-states and migration effects, Oxford University Press, New York 2013.Pr int.Held, Dannies. And McGrew, Andrew, Global Transformations Politics, Economics andCulture, Polity Press, Cambridge 2000. Print.Source document

Gender Roles and relationships within families Essay

Gender Roles and relationships within families. Different sociologists obtain had different views to whether connubial roles have last equal. Researchers have measured different aspects of equality in conjugal roles. Some have focused on the division of labour in the home. They have examined the allocation of responsibility for house elaborate between husband and wife and the amount of time spent by spouses on particular tasks. Others have act to measure the distribution of power within marriage.Willmott and Young, and Gillian Dunne ar amongst those who have argued that conjugal roles are equal. However many sociologists such as Ann Oakley, have carried come forward enquiry into the area of conjugal roles and have found little evidence that couples share equal division of domesticated tasks.Willmott and Young tend to agree that conjugal roles have become more equal. During the 70s they announced the arrival of the symmetrical family, a family where husbands and wives were simi lar in their roles. In the home the couple shared their work and shared their time. Husbands were thought to be helping with the housework, childcare and decision making more often. Willmott and Young discovered that 72% of husbands helped with these household tasks.They thought that the lurch from separate to joint roles resulted mainly from the withdrawal of the wife from her relationships with female kin, and the drawing of the husband into the family circle.Ann Oakley is one sociologist who criticises this view of Willmott and Young. In 1974 Oakley pointed out that included in this 72% figure were husbands who did very little, only had to perform one household chore a week. During the 1970s she collected information on 40 married women who had one child or more under the age of 5 and were themselves aged between 20 and 30. Half of her sample was working class and half was diaphragm class. She found greater equality for domestic tasks in the middle class than in the working cl ass.However in both classes few men had a high level of participation in housework and childcare. She found that most wives saw these jobs as their own responsibility, where only 15% of men in marriages participated in them at a high level. Sociologists such as Ann Oakley have argued that women have increasingly been taking on a dual burden they have hold primary responsibility for household tasks while also being expected to have paidemployment.Jonathan Gershuny agrees with Ann Oakley and disagrees with the statement that conjugal roles have become equal. He points out that dual burden could lead to increased inequality between husbands and wives as a rising proportion of women suffer from it. He believes that dual burden is a result of lagged adaptation where there is a time lag between women taking up paid employment and men adapting to this by increasing their office to domestic labour.In 1992 Gershuny studied the changes in hours worked by men and women over time, analysing d ata from 1974/5 to 1987. It showed a gradual increase in the amount of domestic labour performed by men. This increase was greatest when wives were in full-time employment. Husbands whose wives worked full time doubled the amount of time they spent cooking and cleaning. Gershuny concluded that though women still bear the main burden of domestic labour, there is a gradual trend towards greater equality. However it is still a long appearance off from becoming equal.In conclusion from the evidence presented it is clear that there is little support to Willmott and Youngs study that conjugal roles have become equal. Gillian Dunne however suggests that household tasks and childcare in single sex relationships have become equal, but havent in heterosexual relationships. There is though a trend towards greater equality. Gershunys research into childcare all suggests this trend. Therefore it appears that conjugal roles have not become equal, but evidence shows they are becoming more equal.

Finance Essay

These policies ar characterized by a combination of adventure and return, and loafer have from a materialistic to an aggressive profile. The three types of working capital policies most recommended and used are Aggressive Policy, Average Policy, and Conservative Policy. The aggressive insurance insurance working capital anxiety focuses on maintaining current assets amounts at minimum levels, which is reflected in the total asset turnover higher, with a higher margin. This policy emphasizes the aspect of returns on risk-return decision. This policy is the highest risk policy but with more funds to reinvest in the company or usiness. According to Kulkarni (2011) it is a high risk arrangement though, because, should your creditor come asking for money, and for well-nigh reason, you dont have enough money to pay them out, you might end up having to sell a costly asset to pay off your debt to them. (Kulkarni, A. 2011 , Working Capital Policy, 9). The matching policy working cap ital wariness leaves a person with cash available to reinvest in his company or business. This policy entails a medium level risk and with this policy the business assets matched business liabilities.According to Kulkarni (2011) this policy works in an arrangement where the current assets of the business are used perfect to match the current liabilities. It is a medium risk proposition and requires a good amount of attention. (Kulkarni, A. 2011 , Working Capital Policy, 6). A conservative policy working capital management focuses on maintaining a high liquidity, as well as other accounts assets, as inventories and accounts receivable, which is very expensive, because they remain loose resources that eventually become unproductive, with slow rotation of assets due to the large investment in current assets.This policy emphasizes the minimization of risk, as opposed to maximizing yields that is non risk to be sure liquidity. A conservative policy may be best for people who want to keep low risks. According to Kulkarni (2011) This is the policy with the lowest risk, but it reduces the money used in increasing the production (Kulkarni, A. 2011 , Working Capital Policy, 11). Recommended Policy The working capital policy recommended for Lawrence Sports is the matching policy, more commonly referred to as the checker approach.The working capital is funded by short and long term borrowing, equity financing or a combination of them. It is life-sustaining for the company to ease the risk and return of financing. The moderate approach falls in between the two other polices described above and is the most rest. This enables Lawrence Sports to balance its risk and returns. Furthermore, it finances short term debt with temporary assets while permanent and fixed assets are financed by long term debt and equity sources (Zeepedia, n. d. ).A moderate approach gives Lawrence Sports the ability to maintain the relationships necessary to continue business, balance the work ing capital to still create a profit, and repay what is owed to the bank. Figure 1. Different Policies Regarding the take of Investment in Working Capital demonstrates how the Moderate Approach compares with the others in terms of the level of investment in working capital (Watson amp Head, 2012, p. 72). stake It is important for a company to choose the best working capital policy, one that features a level of risk the company can handle.Team C decisions about working capital management are being driven by the intrinsically related priority of risk management. Team Cs aim is to minimize the risk of insolvency while maximizing the return on the assists (Dixon, 1991). Teams C choose the matching working capital policy because it entails a medium level of risk and it will also leave Lawrence Sports with more cash to reinvest in the business. Lawrence Sports will keep low levels of working capital so that they can employ the funds more productively elsewhere like purchasing more goods or more machinery.It is a relatively amount of risk balanced by a relatively moderate amount of expect return. The best level of working capital would be the one in which a balance is achieved between risk and efficiency which also requires continuous monitoring to maintain proper level in various components of working capital, i. e. , cash receivables, inventory and payables, etcetera Contingencies A contingency is an unexpected event or situation that affects the financial health, professional image, or market share of a company. It is usually a cast out event, but can also be an unexpected windfall such(prenominal) as a huge order.Anything that unexpectedly disrupts a companys expected operation can harm the company even if the disruption is because of a windfall (Duff, 2013). In the case of Lawrence Sports there should be a contingency visualize in place in the event product is damaged or lost either in transit or by some out of the blue(predicate) event. Another contingenc y plan Lawrence Sports should consider is a cash reserve to cover accounts receivable loses if Mayo defaults on invoice credits. In this case vendor defaults affect bottom line but in turn Lawrence would not have to borrow money from Gartner and avoid high interest rates.For Lawrence to recover from such an incident Lawrence Sports needs to use its working capital to cover the costs so that funds are not continuously incurred on the bank loan. In order for Lawrence Sports to raise the capital to cover a contingency plan Mayo would have to relinquish all sales to Lawrence Sports, payments to Gartner will have to be stretched out further and Murray would lose working capital and halt operations because Lawrence Sports payments would be differed even longer. These hefty decisions are all apart of risk management and can negatively affect business relations.

Stashing of black

After analyzing such numbers it is a matter of utter impressiveness to the Indian Government to thrive Black money to generate the capital which in term helps India progress. Stashing of black money abroad then encourages people to bring in illicit trade and siphoning of public resources. Thus due to lack of capital the disposal is forced to concentrate development in urban areas. hobnailed areas again further remain undeveloped.When a large amount Of black money is generated the people owning it engage in drug trade to gain haemorrhoid of money and finance terrorism to physically overpower the authorities through terrorism. The Ministry of The Overseas Affairs can help its best by ring to scrape more agreements such as Tax Information Exchange Agreements with more and more countries. India has already signed this agreement with 13 countries such as the Bermuda, The British Virgin Islands and the Cayman Islands to name a few.Through these agreements the Government of India has been trying to intercept the flow of Indian black money through these countries through fake banks which outlast only on paper. Signing more such agreements will allow India join the global crusade against black money and will help the government intercept more black money and prevent illicit trade and terrorism financing in India.

Case Analysis: Medical Center of Southern Indiana Essay

IntroductionThe medical Center of S extincthern Indiana (MCSI) has had a turbulent tenure as a hospital since its inception in 1973. Un paid from the very beginning, MCSI has gone through multiple ownership changes, creating a distrusting atmosphere between Clark County, IN residents, the topical anaesthetic medical community, and MCSI. The city of Charlestown purchased the hospital at the end of 1991 in the hopes of turning the facility into a profitable medical center offering key work to the community. An pugnacious refinement strategy was essential by management contractor Ameri dismiss MedTrust in 1992 and this led to an operating profit in 1998 of $480,545.This marked a turning point for MCSI, as it was the branch year in a very long time that the hospital had turned a profit. As they look to the future, MCSI postulate to determine if it should continue with the belligerent strategy of protracting services or slow its expansion pace and focus on providing excellent service within its current cognitive content and looking for ways to reduce embody and enhance revenues.Key Demographics and Facts real elements of the MCSI case be essential in determining the appropriate strategy to pursue in the future. The outside community general hospital environment has not been thriving during this time period. Of the roughly 5,000 community hospitals in the United States in 1997, 22% had bed capacity of 50-99. From the year 1980 to 1997, the number of hospitals with 50-99 beds decreased by 24%. As a 96 bed facility, the national trend does not bode well for MCSI.When the hospital was purchased by the city of Charlestown, American MedTrust came in with its competitive revitalization initiatives to help MCSI become profitable. Under American MedTrusts leadership, MCSI spent much than $3 one million million million from 1992 to 1998 to accomplish these aggressive strategies. Two key elements of those initiatives involved expanding the services offered and rebuilding relationships with insurance companies and the local medical community. As a full-service hospital, MCSI alreadyoffered a florilegium of medical services. Because of a consistently low census (occupancy rate around 45%), developing ways to attract new long-sufferings was vital. A new yardbird geropsychiatric unit, ball-hawking nursing facility, and a scale health agency were added to the rumple when hospital executives determined that there was a need in the community for these services and that the competition was not offering these services.By 1998, all troika new service lines were bringing in at least $1 million in piggish revenue. Other key investments included the creation of an outpatient mall, purchasing new technology, and the creation of satellite specialty and primary solicitude clinics. Finding and expanding sources of revenue was too a key feature in the aggressive strategic conception. MCSI knew that to enhance revenue, the hospital had to co ntract with managed care companies. Because of sour relationships between MCSI and the insurance companies, MCSI enlisted the help of the top legislature and the state insurance commissioner to pass the Any Willing Provider bill that required insurance companies to work with providers like MCSI and provide written ex stick outations for any(prenominal) declinations of contracts. In 1994, MCSI had two managed care contracts there were twenty-five managed care contracts in 1998. With 65% of its patient base on Medicare, it was essential for MCSI to increase these managed care contracts if the arrangement hoped to expand their revenue stream.Because of the enhanced services offered, the number of full time equivalent employees withal increased from 183 in 1994 to 270 in 1998. MCSI has benefited from a low 11% employee turnover and a lean organizational structure. Even with these systems in place however, the salary and wage expense has nearly tripled from $3.3 million in 1992 to $ 9.88 million in 1998. Of the 270 FTE employees, there are 75 active members of the medical staff. Gross revenue generated by physician was a bit lopsided in 1998 with 11 out of 75 physicians generating almost 75% of the gross revenue. As MCSI plans for the future, revenues generated by physician, by department, and the related salary expenses need to be carefully examined to determine the optimal mix of services provided to the Clark County community.The location and demographics of Clark County continue to provide challenges for MCSI and the creation of future strategic plans. Clark County is a ruralarea with the majority of its population living in the Confederate half of the county, near the Indiana and Kentucky border. While Clark County does enjoy a low 2.7% unemployment rate, the average county household income was a middling $36, 726 in 1997. Only 11% of Clark County residents had acquire a bachelors degree as of 1998, thus the probability of the average household income c hange magnitude by any great degree was small. 65% of the MCSI patient base in 1998 was a Medicare patient. MCSI is located in the north primal section of Clark County.Its closest competitor is Clark Memorial Hospital in the gray half of the county. Clark Memorial has about 3 times the number of beds as MCSI and the majority of the countys population lives closer to Clark Memorial. Louisville, KY is about 15 miles from MCSI. Any future expansion plans must include a close analysis of the population growth trends in the area and an analysis of the service mix offered by both(prenominal) competitors, Clark Memorial and the Louisville-area health systems. Both of these competitors are better positioned to capitalize on any growth trends in the area and have the financial resources to aggressively expand to meet these trends.Even though MCSI has posted an operating profit for the first time in many years, the majority of MCSIs assets are tied up in receivables. The current ratio and days cash on hand are well below industry standards. With increasing salary expenses and various bet expenses increasing, investing in capital expenditures or investing macroscopic sums of money in new service lines might cause MCSIs operating dough be negative.RecommendationsThe Medical Center of Southern Indiana should continue to grow and improve the service lines that are currently offered such as home health, skilled nursing, and geropsychiatric services. These services have been marginally profitable in the past for the facility. The home health agency has seen a tremendous growth increasing from $422,000 to $1.75 million in four years. Skilled nursing facility revenues have grown in four years from $1.07 to $4.7 million. In order to keep these existing service lines thriving, MSCI should plan moderate renovations that keep the facility up to date with current service lines. Renovations should be similar to the $300,000 remodeling that was done to the outpatient service mal l and should include the purchase of medical supply equipment that impart help MCSI stay up to datewith its competitors. Large capital expenditures should be avoided at this time.Additionally, MCSI should expand its marketing foot race to target the local populations and keep patients from the surrounding five counties from migrating into the Louisville area to receive care. This has been a problem for the facility in the past, and has led to losses in revenues. Another point of vehemence that should be addressed is the inclusion of the Ivy Tech College population and the Indiana University Southeast population. This population of students has yet to be targeted by the facility, and are a large source of potential revenue. The marketing strategy should also focus on the recruitment and retention of physicians. Recruitment has been an issue in the past and recruiting and retaining quality physicians is a key component to the success of a facility. Currently, a minority of physicia ns bring in a majority of the revenues.Having quality physicians that provide services that the community wants and needs allow also help enhance revenues. Because so much of the patient population is on Medicare, these revenue enhancement strategies need to be complemented by cost saving strategies. MCSI has a bit more control over their expenses than it does over their revenue sources. After years of having a defender style of strategic plan, this aggressive prospector strategy has allowed MCSI to have the resources to better meet the needs of the community and find a way to be profitable. However, at this point, it would be best to take a step back and shift to analyzer mode before continuing in an aggressive manner.DataThe Medical Center of Southern Indiana created a decision matrix to identify decision criteria in pursuing a solution going forward. MCSI choose to analyze physician partnership, its top service lines, expansion of market campaign, and expansion of the Ivy Tech p opulation in order to decide whether or not it should continue its aggressive expansion campaign. Major criteria areas taken into account included market position, competition, potential profitability, and alignment with MCSIs mission.As shown in Figure 1, it was recommended for MCSI to continue building physician partnership and enhancing its top one-third service lines (home health agency, skilled nursing facility, and geropsychiatric services). There was therecommendation to mayhap pursue expansion of its marketing campaign and Ivy Tech population. MCSI should slow big bucks its aggressive expansion strategy of adding new services and consolidate gains from those presently in place. In doing so, MCSI would shift from a prospector to an analyzer.MCSI achieved its largest operating profit of $480,545 in 1998. looking to continue aggressive expansion could potentially lower its operating profit going forward. Overexpansion of services may lead to a dilution in the quality of car e. The hospital is already structured as lean to help control costs. With such a low operating profit, MCSI does not have the resources to continue their expansion. As an analyzer, MCSI will look to enhance its existing resources and wait to see what the competition does. Improvements can be made to MCSIs top three services lines. Allocating resources for future renovations and purchases of equipment will help keep these areas successful and allow them to continue generating profit. These three service lines respond to the needs of the Medicare patient base.For physician partnership, MCSI must keep its physicians who represent a majority of gross revenue. There is a large disparity for both gross revenue brought in and patients seen amongst physicians. Keeping MCSIs top physicians while also looking to recruit other good physicians can lead to an increased efficiency of patient care and a reduction of cost. Involving the physicians in issues central to care and day-to-day operations is needed for a high physician retention rate for MCSI. It is important to have physicians included in the processes because they are the ones caring for the patients. If MCSI has the uncommitted resources, it should pursue expanding its marketing campaign and look into expansion of the Ivy Tech population.The solution for MCSI to focus on its current service lines instead of continued aggressive expansion will require coordination amongst a wide-range of sections within the medical center. Kevin J. Miller, the President and Chief Executive Officer of MCSI is trusty for asserting leadership of the planning and slaying of this solution. He must be involved in the process to avoid disengagement within MCSI. It is critical for him to be a leader, but not take over the entire process. The next step would be defining and communicating the responsibilities and roles of theorganizational leaders in the various departments of the medical center through the tabular array of Directors and Board of Trustees. It is their role to provide oversight and and then let the organization take control.Physician partnership through Independent Practice Association (IPA), home health agency, skilled nursing facility, and geropsychiatric services would involve those under the Physician Affiliates, Chief Nursing Officer, and Assistant Administrator of Specialty Services, respectively. Expansion of marketing campaign and Ivy Tech population would involve those under the Director of Human Resources and Director of Business Development. Those under the Chief Quality Officer are then responsible for insuring the facilities are up-to-date through renovations for these service lines. Those under the Chief Financial Officer would be responsible for keeping track of the records and looking at the profitability from services already in place. All of these areas of MCSI must work with each other through active communication.It is necessary to have strategic plan schedules in order for the solution to be successful. Starting with monitoring day-to-day activities, MCSI should complete a full strategic planning process every three years with annual updates on each of the areas in the decision matrix. MCSI must have the resources to provide for this solution. The solution identified by the decision matrix is responsible for MCSIs ability to earn and increase annual profit. Collecting data in these areas in addition to monitoring the internal and external environment can allow for MCSI to evaluate effectiveness of consolidating gains from services already in place in the future. Current Status of the Medical Center of Southern IndianaThe Medical Center of Southern Indiana became a subsidiary of Saint Catherine Healthcare LLC on May 1, 2006. Questions from the end of the Case1.Should MCSI slow down its aggressive expansion strategy of adding new services and consolidate the gains from those presently in place, or continue the aggressive expansion strategy of adding and inv esting in even more services? We feel that MCSI should not continue its aggressive expansion strategy. Rather, they should focus on continuing the upkeep of their current service lines that have been so profitable for them the pastfour years (home health, skilled nursing facilities, and geropsychiatric services) Continuing to expand these existing services is what has allowed MCSI to grow and beat out competitors in some areas. kinda of focusing on expanding the service lines any further, money should be invested to keep existing facilities top of the line.2.Should MCSI reassess present services and retrench those that are not yet breaking even? MCSI should definitely carefully consider all present services, especially those that are not yet breaking even. Certain service lines will never break even, but are required as part of the community hospital services. However, reducing or retrenching these services could possibly be the best strategy moving forward.3.Should MCSI change its fiscal orientation and focus on cost reduction versus revenue enhancement? With 65% of the patient base on Medicare, revenue enhancement might not be guaranteed. A combination of cost minimization and revenue enhancement strategies through increasing the number of managed care contracts would be the best orientation for MCSI.4.Should MCSI pursue a joint peril with physicians in limited partnerships? Yes, MCSI should pursue a joint venture with physicians in limited partnerships. In 1998, 4 of MCSIs 75 physicians brought in 44% of the gross revenue and 11 physicians brought in almost 75% of the gross revenue, which was $39,679,356. It is critical to identify the top earning physicians and keep them at MCSI. Part of MCSIs mission is to increase physician recruitment, retention, and collaboration. MCSI must continue to involve the physicians in issues central to quality and their day-to-day operations.

Displaced People

Myanmar is a landed estate located in Central Asia that has experienced massive refugee migration in the last two decades. The faulting of Myanmar nationals, specifically the Rohingya Muslim group, is mainly due to three factors. Firstly, these residents have fled to other countries and even continents in pose to avoid further conflict within the state (UNHCR 213). The nature of conflict is based on human beings rights abuses, while others are centered on religious differences.It should be understood that Myanmar has been mainly run by the military for at least 30 years and any rebellious acts against these forces immediately result in massive killings and other forms of persecution (UNHCR 59). In addition, the principles and beliefs of the Muslim Rohingya group are largely different from that of the military. Thus, to these refugees, migration appears to be the yet solution for safety and ultimately, survival. There are reports that describe entire villages burned down by extre mely aggressive members of the military.Two of the most documented villages in Myanmar that have experienced massive migration are the Kanyi and Karen villages. The closest country to Myanmar is Thailand and thus this neighboring country has seen a great influx of refugees in the last few decades. Thailand has been truly supportive to displaced Myanmar nationals as they fully assist in providing shelter to these helpless individuals. Unfortunately, refugees from Myanmar often reach Thailand in a very deplorable state, as they have traveled by foot or by sea for several days or weeks to simply cross the border.To date, there are approximately 200,000 Myanmar refugees who before long reside in camps around Thailand, with most of them having settled there almost 20 years ago. otherwise Myanmar refugees have terminated to Bangladesh for temporary shelter, as there were particular groups in this country that has close lingual ties with Myanmar. By the 1990s, approximately 270,000 re fugees have been documented to move out of the northern state of Rakhine in Myanmar and were direct to two Bangladeshi refugee camps, namely Nayapara and Kutupalong.The current government of Myanmar has earlier expressed their refusal to include the Rohingya group as their citizens and would only recognize this as an ethnic group. Fifteen years later, most of the Rohingya refugees have topiced to Myanmar, yet a small portion of this population made up of around 26,000 refugees have continued to refuse to return to their home country. Since Bangladesh is also a developing country, the exile of these Myanmar citizens was not as simple as could be imagined.These refugees had to adapt to their new environment for the next 15 years and eventually, through the help of the United Nations high school Commissioner for Refugees, these individuals were transferred to Ontario, Canada. Other Myanmar refugees have also been reported in Malaysia, Indonesia, The Philippines and the United States. Another reason for displacement of Rohingya Muslims is political, wherein this natural group was poorly treated simply for the reason that they have are considered to have no loving status in Myanmar.The military government considers this group at stateless and that they have no ability to pay for the issuance of Myanmar identification cards, which is the requirement for citizenship in the country. Another cause for displacement of Myanmar nationals is environmental disaster, such(prenominal) as the tsunami that was generated after an earthquake that occurred in the Pacific Ocean in 2004 (UNHCR 11).The strong waves emanating from the earthquake resulted in a tsunami that left Myanmar, India, Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries under water for several months. Myanmar residents were thus pushed to move to higher ground and farther from the sea, in order to avoid any additional effects that may come after that strong earthquake. The tsunami of 2004 has resulted in the mi gration of the Myanmar nationals to neighboring countries such as Thailand, Bangladesh and Malaysia.

Cycle of Life and Death Essay

vigor endures but qualifying (Heraclitus 540-480BC). People argon born, only to die again. In a never-ending daily round of life and death, new ideas replace older ones and an evolution of perspectives takes place. Paulle Marshall aptly portrays this cyclical constitution through her last line she died and I lived referring to her grandmother. The death is not physical alone. It is the death of old ideologies, dated traditions and disparate acceptance of modernization.In a vivid recollection of her grandmother Da-Duhs reluctance to accept change during Paulles childhood visit, she narrates how the old lady loathes urbanity and finds delectation in her little island of natural beauty. The interactions that the narrator has with her grandmother remind us of the passage of time between generations. The demise of Da-Duh signifies the change that is inevitable, the transition from the old to the new. symbolisation Paulle Marshalls work is replete with a richness of literary devices like symbolism, imagery and metaphors.Describing the antepast character of death, the narrator feels that the planes that bring death to the little village are swooping and screamingmonstrous birds. The sugarcanes that explicate in the village are Da-Duhs delight and also the reason for the exploitation in the village. The assumption of Da-Duh, the sugarcanes appear threatening to the narrator she feels that the canes are clashing like swords above my cowering head. This is a explanation of the duality of life.Where there is joy, there is pain and when there is life, death is bound to follow. Cycle of Life and cobblers last 2 Imagery The life-death antithesis is depicted in the closing lines of the book where the narrator paints seas of sugar-cane and huge swirling Van van Gogh suns and palm trees in a tropical landscape . . . while the thunderous tread of the machines downstairs jarred the floor infra my easel. Light is identified by the surrounding darkness and life, by dea th that eventually follows.The transient nature of life is evidenced by the changes that happen over a period of time. Deaths unwholesomeness invades the colorful mind. The narrator imbues the readers mind with images that allude to this dark world. All these trees. Well, theyd be bare. No leaves, no fruit, nothing. Theyd be covered in snow. You see your canes. Theyd be interred under tons of snow. Metaphor With a judicious use of metaphors, the narrator has drawn us to the reality of inevitable changes that our lives are subject to.Again, the sugarcanes are metaphorically perceived as the ominous danger that would intimately in on us and run us through with their stiletto blades. Later, the planes that cause the death of her grandmother are visualized by the narrator as the hardback beetles which hurled themselves with suicidal force against the walls of the house at night. She points at our dogmatism in accepting the fact that the world is constantly changing. Those who fa il to see this at first, screw it the hard way later.Conclusion However prejudiced we might be, towards change, the hard-hitting reality of a life-death rung is inevitable. Time stands testimony to this fact. Paulle Marshall has Cycle of Life and Death 3 illustrated this through the depiction of strange ideas between her and Da-Duh and she conveys this message at the start when she writes, both knew, at a level beyond words, that I had come into the world not only to love her and to continue her line but to take her real life in order that I might live.ReferencesMarshall, Paulle (1967). To Da-Duh, in Memoriam Rena Korb, Critical Essay on To Da-duh, in Memoriam, in Short Stories for Students, The Gale Group, 2002. Martin Japtok, Sugarcane as History in Paule Marshalls To Da-Duh, in Memoriam, in African American Review, Vol. 34, No. 3, Fall 2000, pp. 475-82.

God Delusion Debate Essay

American education have problem with world and evolution. In education teach students that his idea led to atheism. Faith is rational base on indicate that c tout ensemble them evidence. The evidence of science in no way whatsoever supports the paragon hypothesis. perception has explained many important things. How does Lennox respond?Atheism undermined science and the evidence of science does indeed support flavor in God. He gave example of John Maddoxs journal round the Big Bang supposition is dangerous , because it would give credence to the creation story of Genesis, also he motioned almost supernatural curriculum. 2. Lennox says Faith is rational and evidence based. When Dawkins asks for clarification, what analogy does Lennox use? Lennox say faith is evidence based and gave question I presume youve got faith in your wife is there any evidence for that? 3. God Delusion thesis Design is dead because who made the designer? What does Dawkins mean by this?He stand for wi th cosmologists dont have an explanation for the subscriber line of the universe and that biologists have no explanation for the origin of life. Biological evolution make simpler to understand. Also he said who created God? How does Lennox respond?Lennox responded that question asked about who crated God? Christian did not believe created God. God is eternal and un created but universe created by Him. Lennox said Dawkins argument which is God delusion is wrong and created God is definition of delusion. 4. God Delusion thesis Christianity is heavyWhat does Dawkins mean by this?Dawkins argued religion is dangerous because it teaches that faith is a virtue. The Faith is blind, irrational, and unjustified. He said all wars,injustice happening, and un right(a)eous history issues cause from religion. He did not say all religion and believers atomic number 18 wrong, but some people are harmful. Faith is foul weapon because it justify the performance terrible acts. After Lennox said the n Dawkins said the people werent psychopaths, they were well educated, rational people, who thought they were skillful, the aforementioned(prenominal) thing could be said of the Taliban. Once you grant people the premise of their faith, then the terrible things that they do follow. How does Lennox respond?Lennox said Dawkins only focused on violent situation of religion and targeted Christianity. He maintain unfairly mischaracterized Christianity and classifying it as, in the worst case, an inherently violent religion. Teachings of moderate religion is open invitation of extremism is wrong than what about teaching of moderate atheism. 5. God Delusion thesis You dont need God to be moral What does Dawkins mean by this?He said no one needs God in order to be good. People do not need Bible when they choose or pick, they need something else. Moral had nothing to do read bible. He taught each society and generation the standards of right and wrong. How does Lennox respond?Atheists hav e no rational basis to discuss morality at all. We can be good and find moral in society, but cannot find foundation concept being good with God. There is no God means the foundation of moral is removed. 6. God Delusion thesis Christian claims about Jesus are not true What does Dawkins mean by this?If the world is hideous world, It gives us something to rise above and we clearly do rise above it. Dawkins sees that the central criterion of Christs teachings was out of the main stream of our modern thinking about equal rights for all. How does Lennox respond?Lennox said Dawkins is solely wrong attitude through Jesus. He focuses on the historical reliability of the New Testament literature and on the meaning of the golden rule love your neighbor as yourself (in Leviticus) whichJesus understood the marge neighbor to refer to non-Jews.

Nop Application Form

Lahore University of Management Science Application form for National Outreach political programme Batch 2013 Who lowlife apply? 1 Photograph Paste here with glue Appli flockts should control atleast 80% MARKS IN MATRICULATION in order to apply for the NOP. Moreover, NOP is a NEED BASED SCHOLARSHIP. Only genuinely financially deserving students will be considered for the broadcast. Instructions for the submission of application form Please follow these instructions carefully Fill the form in BLOCK LETTERS.Fill in the form using a murky pen. Write your name and date of birth at the back of each photograph. Fill the form altogether IN round forms will not be processed. Submit all the required supporting documents (Listed below) with your application form. Applications WITHOUT COMPLETE DOCUMENTS will not be processed. No further reminder will be sent. Application jump on with all the required supporting documents should reach LUMS Admissions Office latest by April 19, 20 13.Selection decisions will be mailed in June July 2013. CHECKLIST OF THE REQUIRED ACADEMIC DOCUMENTS Please mail all the required supporting documents ( meaned below) along with the application form in a single envelope to the mailing quotation given below in the box Three attested latest passport size photographs Attested feign of matric/O level result card (Attestation should be from your discipline) Attested copy of National Identity bill of fare (NIC) of your parents/ defender pageboy 1 of 9 CHECKLIST OF THE REQUIRED FINANCIAL AID DOCUMENTS For each of the items in the kibosh list below, please ensure that you either provide the relevant document(s) or if this is not possible stand for a logical reason for not being able to do so. For example If you foolt have any loan outstanding against your name, you potty write I certify that I dont have any loan outstanding against my name. The LUMS Financial Aid Office has the right to let in or reject the explanation/reason. Income certificates of all earning members of the family* This includes latest salary slip for salaried persons (father/ mother/ brothers/ sisters), pension off books for retired, income affidavit for self employed or commerceman and a certificate/ proof in result of any other income. Bank Statements (for the last year) of all bank accounts in the names of all the family members and in the name of business in fortune of businessmen. Utility Bills (last three months) Electricity, Gas, promise, Water. Note * An income certificate is the document that shows periodic/annual income.If your parents/guardian are salaried, an original copy of a pay slip should be attached, other than if your parents/guardian own a business they should submit Bank Statement for the last one year. If parents/ guardian do not fall in either of the above two cases (that is salaried employee or business man) they should submit an undertaking on a stamp paper/affidavit (of Rs. 20) stating their income a nd with relevant details. Important Notes In case of providing false information, candidate will be disqualified and his / her application will not be considered.If required, you will be requested to provide more financial documents/ information to carry the process further. send address is given below Syed Absar Ul Hassan Office of Admissions Lahore University of Management Sciences Sector U, DHA, Lahore Cantt. 54792 2 Photographs Staple here Page 2 of 9 Personal training Name Fathers Name Guardians Name Date of Birth (of student) ______/______/______ dd / mm / yy Fathers / Guardians NIC (Provide a copy of NIC) Mailing Address (All future correspondence will be made on this address) CITY Phone / (City code) rule Mobile PROVINCEPermanent Address ( If different from the mailing address) CITY Phone / (City code) DISTRICT PROVINCE e-mail* * It is mandatory for you to have a valid email address as substantially otherwise your form can be considered INCOMPLETE. Do you have inter net access at situation or near your house? YES NO Page 3 of 9 Secondary School Information nitty-gritty mark/ Grades Matric / O-level Name of School / College Name of Examination Board Did you have a position in Board Exam? If yes which one? YES NO Obtained Marks/Grades 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Post Secondary School/Intermediate level Degree InformationHave you completed your intermediate level degree? YES NO Total Marks/ Grades Intermediate / A-level 1st year Intermediate / A-level 2nd year General Science Roll No Obtained Marks/Grades Stream Name Pre-Medical Pre-Engineering Arts/Commerce Other Name of Examination Board Did you have a position in Board Exam? YES NO If yes which one? Any other action 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Give details of teacher / headmaster / principal of your institution who knows you personally. Name School Tel________/_____________ (city code) Address__________________________________________Email address Page 4 of 9 Give details about yourself and your siblings* *Siblings are brothers and sisters Full Name time (in years) School / College / University (If still studying) one-year remuneration (in Rs) Parents Scholarships Contribution (in Rs) (in Rs) Assets Title i. House ii. Land / Plot iii. market-gardening iv. Commercial Any other information Asset Ownership** Current Value ( in Pakistani Rupees) Area (in Kanals/Marlas or Sq. Feet) Location **In this column provide information about who owns the specific asset. It can be your father, mother, brother or grandfather etc.Income Source Profession i. Agricultural income (Annual) ii. Salary / Pension (Annual) iii. Returns on Saving & Investment (Annual) iv. Rental Income(Annual) v. Business Income (Annual) vi. Income from any other ejaculate Total (i, ii, iii, iv,v & vi) A Total Income (A+B+C) Fathers Mothers Guardians / Brothers & babys B C Page 5 of 9 How many air-conditioners do you have in your house? Type of Vehicle 1 2 3 4 Make and Model owned by Annual Educationa l Expenses Annual Rent (If living in a rented house) Annual Taxes Annual Telephone Bills Are there any outstanding loans? ) ii) iii) Yes No Annual Medical Expenses Transportation/ nutriment/Traveling Expenses/Other Expenses (per Annum) Annual Electricity Bills Annual Water/Gas Bills If yes then Please signalize the amount of loan in Rs. ________________________. And also please specify the purpose for taking the loan ___________________ The source from where loan was taken Bank * Relative Employer* Other (Please Specify) * Please attach the supporting documents in case the loan is taken from a Bank or Employer. Any other expense ? Tuition Fee for the first year at LUMS is Rs. 5,00,000/- approximately ?Please Indicate the total amount of contribution you can make towards your tuition fee annually at LUMS Rs ________________ Page 6 of 9 Why do you require financial aid (Attach separate sheet if required)? How did you get to know about National Outreach Program? (Tick any one of the f ollowing) Friends/Relatives Newspaper Add LUMS website Information Session at School/College Kindly mention the School/College Name where you attended the session_________________________________________ Other(Please Specify) ___________________________ Undertaking I certify that the information given on this form is accurate to the best of my knowledge.I understand that any misrepresentation may cause my dismissal from the Programme at any stage. ________________________ Applicants specks Date ______/______/______ dd / mm / yy ________________________ Father/Guardians Signature Date ______/______/______ dd / mm / yy For enquiries regarding your application form contact us at Phone 042-35608000 Ext 2433 Fax 042-35898317, Email emailprotected edu. pk Page 7 of 9 Essay Topic Describe a situation or an fancy of your life which demonstrates your best characteristic or quality (200 words) You can express your ideas in English or Urdu. Page 8 of 9 Page 9 of 9

Earth Day Essay

The subject of farming Day has been covered intensively by the humanity press over the past decade. Many an afternoon has been enjoyed by a family, bonding over the treatment of Earth Day. Until recently con lookred taboo amongst polite society, it is yet to receive proper recognition for laying the foundations of democracy. a lot it is seen as both a help and a hinderence to global commercial enterprises, who are yet to start out accustomed to its disombobulating nature. Complex though it is I shall now attempt to provide an exaustive report on Earth Day and its numerous industries.Social FactorsThere is cultural and institutional interdependence between members of any community. When Thucictholous express people only know one thing 1 he saw clearly into the human heart. oddment among people, race, culture and society is essential on the survival of our world, however Earth Day raises the question wherefore?Recent thought on Earth Day has been a real eye-opener for society f rom young to old. It grows stonger either day.Economic FactorsThere has been a great deal of discussion in the world of economics, centred on the apprize of Earth Day. We shall examine the Fish-Out-Of-Water model. Taking special care to highlight the role of Earth Day inwardly the vast framework which this provides.OilPricesEarth DayWhat a splendid graph. Obviously oil prices sings a very different tune. Perhaps to coin a phrase Earth Dayeconomics will be the bombinate word of thecenturyPolitical FactorsNo man is an island, but what of politics? Comparing the general mess of politics held by the poor of the west with those of the east can be like comparing.Consider this, communicate at the tender age of 14 by jazz singer Bonaventure H. Amster Taking a take the air across hot coals will inevitably hurt your feet. 2 This quotation leads me to suspect that he was not unaccustomed to Earth Day. It speaks volumes. History tells us that Earth Day will always be a vote winner, whet her we like it, or not.Why did Earth Day cross the road? To get to the other side Just my little joke, but lets hope that Earth Day doesnt inspire similar hilarity in the next elections.ConclusionTo conclude, Earth Day parades along mans streets and man waves back. It fills a hole, invades where necessary and always chips in.

International corporate accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

International corporate history - Essay ExampleIn 1934 a Securities Exchange Act was formulated giving the SEC a statutory authority of tagting up standards for financial accounting and reporting but this would target in public held companies only. However, the SEC is often dependent upon the private sector in policy formulation. ( monetary Accounting Standards Boards website, 2011)On the other hand, The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) is an independent, private-sector body based in the UK that develops, approves and promotes International Financial Reporting Standards, whose operations are directed by the International Financial Reporting Standards Foundation. It was formed in 2001 to replace the International Accounting Standards Committee which had existed since 1973 through an agreement made by professional method of accounting bodies from Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Ireland, and the United States of America. Other members became part in the following years. (Deloitte IAS Pluss website, 2011)The IFRS presentation is an independent, not-for-profit private sector organization working in the interest of the public. Its objectives are formulating a unified set of high quality and apprehensible international financial reporting standards (IFRSs) that can be enforced and provide be globally accepted, promote their application, it takes into consideration the needs of emerging economies and small and medium-sized entities (SMEs) (Financial Accounting Standards Boards website, 2011).This is chance upond through the IASB for development and publishing together with overseeing their interpretation on all the sectors.In order to achieve global acceptance and adoption of the IFRSs, the IFRS foundation and the IASB involves relevant stakeholders around the world, including investors, national standard-setters, regulators, auditors, academics, and among others. According to Seyfarth (20 08) by November 2008, 113 countries

Critical evaluation of the impact of the global(focus on USA) Coursework

Critical evaluation of the impact of the global(focus on USA) pecuniary crisis on worker migration - Coursework ExampleThe property bubble in the Spanish economy was responsible for the high-pitched fiscal debt in most of the developed nations in the world. At around 2009, severe financial crisis wedge the economy of U.S.A. The terms of economic affairs become highly juggled at this point of time. However, the financial crisis created a strong impact on the workers migration. It was found that many workers working in the urban sector of U.S. migrated bandaging to their home lands as a result of assembly line losses. The in-migration of the foreign workers in U.S.A was controlled and the government started to wisecrack special incentives to the existing workers to take voluntary retirements from work. This initiative was taken by the government to increase the American labour force in the long run by almost 5% by 2033 (Porter, 2013). As a result there were many incidents of dist urbances in the economy due to the rising number of job losses. It was found that the gross unemployment rate increased by almost 4% in U.S.A. during the crisis. The information on the basis of which the literature review will be written would be based on collateral data sources. Any information collected from the primary data sources would not be used in the context of the literature review (Hakim, 2000). ... In the context of the literature review, the investigateer would be identifying the common themes and differences of the anterior inquiry works. Despite being completely narrative in nature, the literature review would be focussed, analytic and critical in panorama. Thus, the literature review of the paper would throw a light on the views of the scholars on the concerned topic of discussion and would also include the researchers own perceptions (Burns, 1997). Research ism The research paper would be using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, thus the analysis w ould be made on the basis of interpretive approach (positivist approach). The main objective of the paper would be to collapse the impact of worker migration in the economy of U.S.A. after the financial crisis. This philosophy of the paper is to understand the consequences of the impact. Thus, the research problem is symmetric and non linier in nature. Research Approach Figure 1 Inductive approach (Source Shaheen, n.d.) As stated in the above picture, the researcher would be conducting the research on the basis of inductive approach. The grounds for preferring inductive approach is because it will help the researcher to exchange observation into theoretical conclusion, thus is a robust method of analysis. Research Strategy Figure 2 Research Strategy (Source Saunders, Lewis and Thornhil, 2009) Sustain research objectives with the trouble statements. Determining the sample space, size and location. Determining the price connected with the research development and theorise the time schedule Demeanour research with the help of primary and secondary sources Arranging the data in organized manner Qualitative and quantitative analysis. Construing the data properly to give it a inflexible

Driving and texting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Driving and texting - Research Paper ExampleChecking of the emails in smart phones among the US citizens is a rampant(ip) incident that leads to destructive driving. Driving as well as texting at the same time understructure be very dangerous to the lives of individuals for it can provoke many accidents. Institutions that is responsible for en chiping laws to put this act to staunch by coming up with guidelines to the use of phones while driving. Laws, rules and procedures need to be used to illegalize the act of driving while texting to keep save the lives of persons from accidents (Jaytay).Using of mobile phones does distract drivers in many slipway of which it includes physical destruction, instead of paying much attention the physical tasks that atomic number 18 required while driving. gear mechanism changing and steering are the physical tasks that an individual need to concentrate on while driving. The driver has to use one or both of their hands to operate the phone. Th e next distraction is the visual destruction. lively phones distract an individual while driving in two ways. That is the driver has to move their eyes to and from the channel and concentrate on the text. Secondly, while operating the phone, the eyes should be on the channel and hence are not properly positioned to the road thus causing accidents (Darden).Sound is another form of distraction caused by texting. Here, attention will move from the road and directed to the sounds of the emails and messages that enter the phone. It normally applies when the phones sound is of poor quality. In addition, some people are cognitively distracted during the process of texting. In this case, thoughts of the driver diverted from the road and redirected into the conversation that is going on the phone (Evans). All the forms of destruction by mobile phones are the highest cause of accidents in various roads, and the most affected generation is the youthful generation. In other states, restricti ons are study to minors and individuals who just acquired the license. Other institutions

Writing precis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Writing precis - Essay casing11).The incident changed the definition of National Security. For the generation that did not experience war, National Security meant protection and absence seizure from nuclear attack. The primary motivation of the terrorist attack was to conceal a closed book unsung in the offices that were designated targets. The offices were not aware of the secret they held but once exposed, vast truth would surface surface eventually. The origins and impact of the secret were kept by the National Security. Proper understanding of the reason behind the gruesome incident on September 11th is better than just describing exactly what happened that day. At first the pattern of the incident depart September 11th was not obvious early(a) than the total destruction and casualties of the collapsed World dish out Center, a destroyed segment of the Pentagon, four sacrificial commercial airplanes with the loss of 2,993 lives. There should have been a hidden motive other than the perceived objective of the attack is changed from its usual symbolic desig people as a terrorist attack and a person begins by looking at it as purely a offensive activity with specific objectives instead of checking the logic of the patterned of destruction (Heider 2008, p. 1).Central Intelligence Agency conducted studies about the Pentagon and other hijacking accidents in the U.S.A. they checked for possible reasons how the highjackers were able to carry out their mission. They analyzed deep to find out whether there were negligence in the offices and works of the Defense of the U.S.A. they also found out how other small groups and other terrorists worked together to lay-out their perfect plan (CIA 2005).The incident destroyed the World Trade Center which was a symbol of American pride and influence. The terrorists were able to demonstrate how a powerful nation can be caught unguarded by a group of infamous determined men. The incident was brought by the Muslim extremis ts.

Qualities of a good theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Qualities of a good theory - Essay congresswomanA good theory is mostly valid in different situations and is persuasive and helps people to test out issues by consulting the theory. There be m whatever popular theories that atomic number 18 used to understand and tax various problems and conflicts in life. However, these theories are not always valid. A theory is valid in a specific situation. According to Prit (2008), Crime is a very complex social issue and so are its theories. Conflict criminology is of much more importance and can be used as example of such a theory that is popular but not always valid. Conflict criminology as described by Bernard in Volds Theoretical Criminology (2009) is a theory in which, it is explained that conflicts exist between groups on the behind of interests and criminological acts by criminals are a result of conflicts existing between helper groups and dominant groups. The subordinate groups act against the dominant groups due to which, crime is created (Bernard, et al, 2009). The theory of conflict criminology discusses the issue of conflict behind any criminal act and forms an opinion that crimes are a result of conflict arising between groups on issues that are conflicting (Hagan. 2010).

Social Security Reform Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Security Re realize Plan - show ExampleThe first aspect that gets to be changed in the current Social Security insurance policy is the issue of life expectancy. As we speak, most of the payments made are based on the nineteen thirties and forties. At that time, many beneficiaries were expected to live up to an age of fifty five, however, this life expectancy has change magnitude upwards and it is currently at seventy seven years. Experts agree that it would definitely make sense to admit this age related issue in the process of making reforms. (Concord Coalition)There are two study options which the US government mountain take to tackle this issue. They can either increase the come in of taxes world collected from social security contributors or they have the alternative of reducing the derive of benefits going to retirees. The latter(prenominal) proposals are based on the following interrelationsWhen life expectancy has increase, then it may be very difficult for t he current crop of workers to meet the total social security payments. This is because beneficiaries must be nonrecreational social security for as long as they are alive and this means to a greater extent payments. Additionally, if the amount of payroll contributions is not changed, then it may be inadequate to cover these costs.In order to lift extremities or the winner-takes-it-all approach, it is essential to split these costs between the two parties involved i.e. the social security contributors and the beneficiaries. ... Additionally, they in any case need to involve the payroll tax contributors too. Half of the additional costs brought on by increased life expectancy can be covered by increasing payroll taxes so that no group will feel that they have been treated unfairly. (Cauthen, 38)Dealing with historical debtsIt has been noted by roughly researchers that not all workers in topical anesthetic and state institutions pay their taxes. This is one of the reasons that is causing the huge debt that has increase over the past few years. In order to tackle this problem sufficiently, there is a need to impose mandatory taxation to this group. However, because implementing such a system on pre-existing workers would cause a lot of uproar and unfairness, it would be advis adequate to(p) to introduce that reform for every new worker that enters local or state departments and institutions. If these numbers are curbed, it is estimated that close to four million workers will be able to pay their taxes and this will greatly contribute towards eliminating that large debt that has been accumulated by past generations.Another demeanor in which the US government can handle this issue is by imposing a form of legacy taxes on high earners. (Springs, 9)As we currently stand, there is a maximum taxable amount and those who make more than this amount are not obliged to pay taxes depending on how much more they earn. This approach is creating a serious loophole and i f left unchecked could lead to greater levels of historical debt. These higher earners can be informed that they are contributing towards the historical debt that has accumulated over the past few years. Additionally, the rate may be determined by how much more a contributor is earning above the maximum taxable income.Besides the latter